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建立 2026-11-10 更新 2026-11-10

不定詞

不定詞(infinitive)的形式是 to + 動詞原形,可以當名詞、形容詞,也常用來表示目的或結果。寫作時常用不定詞接在另一個動詞後面,說明做這件事的目的。

S + V₁ to V₂ 和 S + V₁ and V₂ 差在哪?

兩種句型的相同點是兩個動詞有共同的主詞,差別在於兩個動作的關係。

句型 兩個動詞的關係 例句
S + V₁ to V₂ V₂ 通常表示目的或結果 She went out to buy milk.
S + V₁ and V₂ 兩個動作沒有特別的關聯 She went out and bought milk.

形容詞和名詞後面可以接不定詞嗎?

形容詞後面可以接 to + V,通常是表示情緒的形容詞,例如 happy、glad。

I'm glad to meet you.

名詞後面也可以接不定詞,例如 effort、attempt、endeavor。

句型 例句
effort/attempt/endeavor + to V She made an effort to learn French.
effort in + 名詞 an effort in education

用法補充

講義把 effort in + V-ing 劃掉。實際英語中偶爾看得到這種寫法,但 effort to + V 是最標準也最安全的選擇。

不定詞可以當介系詞的受詞嗎?

不定詞片語一般不能當介系詞的受詞,除非前面有 why、when、whether 等開頭的字。

  • ✗ He is thinking about to quit.
  • ✓ He is thinking about quitting.
  • ✓ The question of how to begin is difficult.

help、感官動詞和使役動詞後面接什麼?

動詞 句型 例句
help help (to) V She helped me (to) move.
感官動詞 watch watch + O + V/V-ing I watched him run/running.
使役動詞 have(主動) have + O + V I had him fix the car.
使役動詞 have(被動) have + O + p.p. I had the car fixed.
allow, permit allow + O + to V They allowed me to leave.
allow, permit allow + V-ing They don't allow smoking.

感官動詞後面接原形動詞,表示看到整個動作;接 V-ing,表示看到動作正在進行。

使役動詞 make、let 也接原形動詞:She made me cry. He let me go.

練習題

1. 找出錯誤:The teacher made us to clean the room.

make 是使役動詞,後面接原形動詞。應改為 The teacher made us clean the room.

2. 填空:I had my hair ___ yesterday.(cut/cutting)

cut。頭髮是被剪,用過去分詞表示被動。這裡的 cut 是過去分詞。

3. 找出錯誤:The company allowed its employees work from home.

allow 加受詞時後面接 to V。應改為 allowed its employees to work from home.

推薦影音

不定詞和動名詞的差別(中文)

不定詞和動名詞哪裡不一樣?(萊特的英文教室,10 分鐘,中文):用例句比較不定詞和動名詞,適合建立兩者的基本區別。

使役動詞

Causative Verbs - HAVE, GET, MAKE, LET, HELP(English with Lucy,15 分鐘,英語):逐一說明五個使役動詞的結構與用法,附免費講義與測驗。

使役動詞的短版

Causative Verbs: Make, Have, Let, Get, Help(engVid Alex,6 分鐘,英語):用 He made me clean my room 這類例句,快速分清楚要不要加 to。